Who needs this? Archeologists, paleontologists and geologists dating organic materials and carbonates.
| Service | Code | Typical sample types | Sample required | Price per sample (CAD): Academic, government, non-profit | Price per sample (CAD): Commercial, international |
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| Acid–alkali–acid (AAA) pretreatment | AAA | Wood, charcoal, most bulk organics | ≥20 mg (min. 5 mg) | $350 | $490 |
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| α-Cellulose extraction | α-C | Tree rings | ≥40 mg (min. 10 mg) | $500 | $700 |
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| Acid washing | A | Soils and bulk sediments, residues, etc. | ≥500 mg (min. 100 mg for C-rich soils) | $350 | $490 |
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| Humic acid fraction | HcF | Soils and bulk sediments | ≥500 mg (min. 100 mg) | $460 | $645 |
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| Humin fraction | HnF | Soils and bulk sediments | ≥500 mg (min. 100 mg) | $460 | $645 |
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| Direct combustion | D | Client-prepared samples; contact us first. | ≥10 mg (min. 1 mg) | $300 | $420 |
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| AAA with solvent washes | X | Skin, parchment, leather, textiles | Material-dependent | $350 | $490 |
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| Collagen extraction (δ13C and δ15N included) | B | Bone, tooth dentin, antler | ≥1000 mg (min. 400 mg) | $510 | $715 |
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| Collagen extraction and ultrafiltration (δ13C and δ15N included) | BU | Bone, tooth dentin, antler | ≥1000 mg (min. 400 mg) | $550 | $770 |
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| Pretreatment and acid digestion of mineral fraction | CB | Calcined bone | ≥1000 mg (min. 800 mg) | $350 | $490 |
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| Acid pre-etches and digestion | S | Shells, foraminifera | ≥50 mg (min. 10 mg) | $325 | $455 |
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| No pre-etch, acid digestion only | SN | Carbonates | >20 mg (min. 10 mg) | $325 | $455 |
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More information
Services in this group include sample pretreatment, conversion to CO2, graphitization and measurement on a MICADAS or HVE 3MV AMS. Typical precision ranges from 2 to 4 ‰, depending on sample type. Results will be reported as F14C, CRA and calendar years if requested.
Note: The AAA service is for discrete organic materials (e.g., wood, charcoal), and A is for bulk sediments or residues. For service B and BU, consult our tips on pre-screening bone samples for collagen preservation. When choosing between B and BU services, note that BU (ultrafiltration) is only required where scientifically justified. Direct combustion (D) is only for client-prepared material. Contact the facility before submission to ensure quality control. For S or SN analyses, calibration is applied to marine samples only with appropriate regional reservoir correction (DR). Calibration is not applicable to freshwater shells due to potential hard water effects.